Terminamos,
con la unidad 4, nuestras lecciones presenciales sobre literatura
inglesa. Sigue la literatura inglesa en la Sección B (no presencial), unidad 6: literatura inglesa del siglo XX.
Algunos de los
manuales recomendados, pueden encontrarse en la web en PDF. Aquí hay
dos de ellos:
PDF
(The Short Oxford History of English
Literature)
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9a3FSxKl6ZlV0dkUkJSWHR0dEU/view?usp=drivesdk
(M Alexander, A History of English Literature)
—pero es más que recomendable que compréis
manuales
y los tengáis para uso vuestro. La literatura norteamericana no está
incluida en estos manuales; se estudia en otros manuales, que
tenéis recomendados en el programa.
En el
blog iré poniendo materiales
adicionales, pero como pregunta de
tema para examen
entrarán únicamente los principales autores que aprarecen destacados en
el
programa, en negrita. Alguna pregunta corta sí que puede caer
sobre
autores del siglo XX, así como
traducción/comentario.
H. G. WELLS
(1866-1946)
_____. The Time
Machine.
Novel. 1895.
_____. The Island
of Doctor Moreau.
Novel. 1896.
_____. The Invisible Man. Novel.
1897.
_____. The War of
the Worlds.
SF novel. Serialized 1897.
_____. The First Men in the Moon.
Novel. 1901.
_____. The Food of the Gods.
Novel. 1904.
_____. Kipps. Novel. 1905.
_____. The War in the Air.
Novel. 1908.
_____. Ann
Veronica. Novel.
1909.
_____. Tono-Bungay.
Novel.
1909.
_____. A Short History of the World.
1922.
_____. The Shape
of Things to Come. New
York: Macmillan, 1935.
_____. The Mind
at the End of Its
Tether. 1945.
Herbert George Wells, b. lower middle class, Bromley;
British
man of letters, science fiction and realist fiction writer, reviewer
and man of
letters, and leading socialist intellectual; began as working class
teacher, married
cousin Isabel, divorce, married pupil Amy Catherine a.k.a. "Jane", a
wife tolerant of his sexual freedom, mother of 2 sons, Gip and Frank;
lover of novelist
Dorothy Richardson, of young Rosamund Bland; of novelist Violet Hunt;
had 1 illegitimate daughter, Anna Jane, with young
lover and 'New Woman' Amber Reeves, later Amber Blanco White; lover of young writer Rebecca West, had a
son by
her, Anthony West; lover of 'New Women' like countess Elizabeth von
Arnim,
Odette Keun, and Russian spy Baroness Moura Budberg; had very
many
other minor sexual affairs; public scandal
with
suicidal lover Hedwig Verena; apostle of free love and cult of
progress; Leninist
apologist, internationalist, linked early on to Fabian Socialism and later to League of
Nations
committees, travelled in Russia, France, Switzerland, Spain and the
USA, world-famous
man of letters and progressive international intellectual; Ph.D. U of
London 1943.
Profetas de la Ciencia Ficción: H.
G. Wells
Unos
apuntes sobre la obra de H.G.
Wells
H.G.
Wells: Una película sobre su vida. También un
documental biográfico.
Y aquí una
película "retrofuturista" basada en su novela Things
to Come.
En Mind
at the End of its Tether,
H. G. Wells reflexiona, al final de su vida, sobre la naturaleza y
límites de las ilusiones humanas como guías para la acción, y concluye
con un escepticismo desolador ante la muerte de las ilusiones que
sustentan el mundo en que vivimos—que tiene de ilusión colectiva más de
lo que solemos sospechar.
___________________
El 13 de diciembre seguiremos viendo escritores británicos del XIX: Tennyson, Hopkins y Wilde. A continuación, con H.G. Wells terminamos el tema 4 y volvemos atrás en el tiempo para tratar los comienzos de la literatura norteamericana.
Otros autores significativos de la época victoriana:
Thomas Carlyle - Past and
Present, The French Revolution
Matthew Arnold - Culture
and Anarchy
William Makepeace Thackeray
- Vanity Fair, Esmond,
Charlotte Brontë - Jane Eyre
Emily Brontë - Wuthering Heights
Robert Browning - Dramatic
Lyrics.
Elizabeth Barrett Browning- Sonnets from the Portuguese
Christina Rossetti - "Goblin Market"
Algernon Charles Swinburne - Poems
and Ballads, Chastelard
Thomas Hardy - Far from the
Madding Crowd, Jude the Obscure,
Lewis Carroll - Alice in Wonderland
Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure
Island, Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde,
Rudyard Kipling - Kim, The Jungle Book
_____________________________
OSCAR
WILDE
(1854-1900)
Anglo-Irish writer and dandy, b. Dublin, st.
Trinity College, Dublin, and Magdalen College, Oxford; l. London;
journalist, poet, prose writer and dramatist, brilliant
conversationalist and socialite, m. Constance Lloyd 1884 (d. 1898);
loved Lord Alfred Douglas; imprisoned for homosexuality 1895-97; d.
Paris.
_____. Poems. 1881.
_____. The Duchess of Padua.
Tragedy. 1883.
_____. The Happy
Prince and Other
Tales. 1888.
_____. The
Picture of Dorian Gray.
Novel. 1890.
_____. Intentions.
Essays.
1891.
_____. Lord Arthur Savile's Crime
and Other Stories.
_____. A House of Pomegranates.
Stories. 1891.
_____. Lady Windermere's Fan.
Drama. 1892.
_____. Salomé. Drama. 1892.
_____. A Woman of No Importance. Drama.
1893.
_____. The Sphinx. Poem. 1894.
_____. Poems in Prose. 1894.
_____. An Ideal Husband.
Drama. 1895.
_____. The Importance of Being
Earnest. Comedy. 1895.
_____. The Ballad of Reading Gaol. 1898.
_____. Epistola:
In carcere et
vinculis / De Profundis. 1891. Memoir/letter to Lord
Alfred Douglas.
1896.
___________
- Una
introducción a Oscar Wilde (Some
notes on Oscar Wilde).
- Una conferencia de
Fernando Galván sobre Oscar Wilde.
- A
video tutorial on The Importance of Being Earnest.
_____________
NIVEL
AVANZADO: Oscar Wilde
Una buena película reciente sobre Wilde:
The
Happy Prince / La importancia de llamarse Oscar Wilde.
Y otra más antigua:
_____________
GERARD MANLEY HOPKINS
(1844-1889)
_____. "The Wreck of the Deutschland."
_____. "Pied Beauty."
_____. "The Kingfisher."
_____. "The Windhover."
_____. "God's Grandeur".
_____. "Carrion Comfort."
_____. "No Worst, There is None."
_____. "That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire...."
All these in:
_____. Poems. Ed. Robert
Bridges. 1918.
Victorian poet, st. Oxford, converted to Catholicism after Newman,
became Jesuit priest, repressed homosexual, inner torments and acute
health problems, burnt early poems, spiritual poems were published
posthumously by Robert Bridges; proto-Modernist stylist, cultivated
'sprung rhythm'.
— Una
introducción a Hopkins.
___________
Nivel
AVANZADO:
-
Dos
conferencias sobre Gerard Manley Hopkins.
-
Una mesa redonda sobre Gerard
Manley Hopkins.
_______________
ALFRED LORD TENNYSON (1809-1892)
Tennyson, Alfred (Lord). Poems, Chiefly Lyrical. 1830.
_____. "The
Lady of Shalott." Poem. 1832, 1842.
_____. "Morte d'Arthur." Written 1833-38. In Poems. 1842.
_____. "Ulysses." Poem.
Written 1833, pub. in Poems. 1842.
_____. Poems. 1842
(including material from 1830 and 1832).
_____. The Princess. Poem.
1847.
_____. In
Memoriam A. H. H.
Poem. 1850.
_____. "Ode" on the Death of Wellington. 1852.
_____. "The Charge of the Light
Brigade." Poem. 1854.
_____. Maud, and other Poems. 1855.
_____. The Idylls
of the King. Poems.
1859-1885.
_____. Enoch Arden etc. Poems.
Moxon, 1864.
_____. The Holy Grail and Other
Poems. 1869.
_____. Queen Mary. Drama.
1875.
_____. Harold: A Drama. 1876.
_____. Ballads and Other Poems.
1880.
_____. The Falcon. 1884.
_____. The Cup. 1884.
_____. Becket. Drama. 1884.
_____. The Works of Alfred Tennyson,
Poet Laureate. 1884.
_____. Tiresias, and Other Poems. 1885.
_____. Demeter and other Poems.
1889.
______
Alfred, Lord Tennyson: Una
panorámica sobre su obra.
Canción de Loreena McKennitt sobre uno de los poemas artúricos de
Tennyson, The Lady of Shalott:
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/174626
_________
Tennyson: NIVEL AVANZADO
_____________
Lo mejor del teatro inglés victoriano
son, posiblemente, las operetas cómicas de Gilbert &
Sullivan. Aquí una de ellas, Patience.
O quizá una película musical sobre otra opereta, The Pirates of Penzance. Se pueden oír
todas las operetas de Gilbert&Sullivan en YouTube.
____________________
Nuestros siguientes autores para esta última semana de noviembre son, de tres en tres:
- los poetas románticos Wordsworth, Keats y Byron
- los novelistas Mary Shelley, Dickens y George Eliot.
GEORGE ELIOT
(1819-1880)
George
Eliot, pseudonym of Mary Ann [later Marian] Evans, English
novelist, b. Warwickshire; quarrelled with her father on her leaving
the Church; self-taught in Continental writing and philosophy; went
through intellectual/erotic infatuations and love affairs with
intellectual men, some married;
assistant ed. of the Westminster Review 1851; lived with G. H.
Lewes c.
1854-1878; successful realist novelist and skeptic moralist; first
ostracised as scandalous and
then successful socialite; married young admirer John Walter Cross 1880
and died; left no children.
_____. trans. (unsigned). The
Life of Jesus, Critically Examined. By David Friedrich Strauss.
1846.
_____, trans. The Essence of
Christianity.
By Ludwig Feuerbach. London, 1854.
_____. Scenes of Clerical Life. Stories.
1857.
_____. Adam Bede.
Novel.
1859.
_____. The Mill on the Floss. Novel.
1860.
_____. Silas
Marner. Novel.
1861.
_____. Romola. Novel.
Serialized in the Cornhill Magazine.
1863.
_____. Felix Holt, the Radical.
Novel. 1866.
_____. Middlemarch:
A Study of
English Provincial Life. Novel. 1871/2.
_____. Daniel Deronda. Novel.
1874-76.
Apuntes
sobre George
Eliot.
Resumen de Middlemarch .
_______________________________
NIVEL AVANZADO:
George Eliot: A Scandalous Life
George
Eliot (audio at Oxford University).
A lecture by Rebecca Mead on George Eliot's
Middlemarch.
Uno de los amigos e inspiradores de George Eliot fue
Herbert Spencer. Aquí hay unanota sobre su influyente teoría de la evolución cósmica.
_______________________________
Empezaremos diciembre con Mary Shelley y Dickens.
Traed los textos a clase.
CHARLES DICKENS (1812-1870)
Victorian novelist, playwright and journalist; b. near Portsmouth; run-down middle-class family, son of a clerk in the Navy pay office, father imprisoned for debt, unhappy childhood experience when forced to work as a child in a factory, apprenticed clerk, stenographer at Parliament, journalist at the Morning Chronicle, married Catherine Hogarth; had many children; in love with sister-in-law, soon dead; lover of young actress Ellen Ternan, separated from wife Catherine 1858; world success and fortune as writer of serialized novels; friend of John Forster, Wilkie Collins, etc., energetic socialite and amateur actor; travels in USA and Italy; anti-slavery advocate in America, philanthropist and social reformer, launched periodicals (Household Words, Daily Mail), popular entertainer with public reading tours of his novels, d. of heart failure.
_____. Sketches by Boz. Serialized in Old Monthly Magazine. 1836-37.
_____. The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. Serialized novel. 1836-37.
_____. The Adventures of Oliver Twist. Novel. 1837-8.
_____. The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby. Novel. 1838-9.
_____. The Old Curiosity Shop. Novel. Serialized in Master Humphrey's Clock. 1840-41.
_____. Barnaby Rudge. Novel. Serialized in Master Humphrey's Clock. 1841.
_____. American Notes. 1842.
_____. A Christmas Carol. 1843. (Other Christmas stories in the 40s, 50s and 60s).
_____. Martin Chuzzlewit. Novel. 1844.
_____. Pictures from Italy. Travel book. 1846.
_____. Dombey and Son. Novel. 1846-1848.
_____. David Copperfield. Novel. Serialized 1849-1850.
_____. Bleak House. Novel. Serialized 1852-1853.
_____. Hard Times. Novel. Serialized in Household Words, 1854.
_____. Little Dorrit. Novel. Serialized 1855-1857.
_____. A Tale of Two Cities. Novel. 1859.
_____. Great Expectations. Novel. Serialized 1860-1861.
_____. Our Mutual Friend. Novel. 1864-5.
_____. The Mystery of Edwin Drood. Unfinished novel. 1870.
Life of Dickens —and main works—from the Oxford Companion to English Literature.
Cazamian on Dickens as a social novelist.
Charles Dickens (Victorian Values)—some notes from Stephen Coote's handbook.
_____________________________
Dickens en cine: Algunas películas
______________________________
__________________
MARY SHELLEY (1797-1851)
Mary Shelley, née Mary Godwin,
English woman of letters,
novelist and prose writer; daughter
of Mary
Wollstonecraft and William Godwin; m. Percy Bysshe Shelley 1816.
_____. (Anon. pub.). Frankenstein,or, The Modern Prometheus.
Novel. 1818.
_____. Valperga. Novel.
1821.
_____. The Last
Man. Novel.
1826.
_____. The Fortunes of Perkin
Warbeck. Novel. 1830.
_____. Lodore. Novel. 1835.
_____. Essays and Letters. 1839.
_____. Rambles in Germany and Italy.
Travel book. 1844.
Ballesteros, Antonio. "Mary Shelley y Frankenstein: La creación de un mito y suproyección en la literatura fantástica victoriana." Conferencia en la Fundación Juan March.
https://www.march.es/conferencias/anteriores/voz.aspx?p1=101521&l=1
Una pequeña introducción a Mary Shelley.
Sobre Mary Shelley y Frankenstein, nos remitiremos además a este documental de la serie "Profetas de la Ciencia Ficción".
_________________________________
NIVEL AVANZADO: Mary Shelley
La novela de Mary Shelley The Last Man, sobre una mortífera pandemia global que acaba con la humanidad, es modelo y precedente de toda una "plaga" de literatura pandémica y apocalíptica. En la Unidad 6 podéis leer sobre Jack London y "La Peste Escarlata." Con respecto a la actual pandemia del coronavirus, sin embargo, conviene tener en cuenta otros factores culturales e históricos. Véase por ejemplo este vídeo sobre control global y pandemia, que es de 2014—no de 2020. Esto también es, a su manera, literatura de anticipación.
Otra ficción reciente que recreaba un evento apocalíptico era The Road, de Cormac McCarthy. Aquí una nota sobre la novela, y la película.
____________________________________________
Mary Shelley's FRANKENSTEIN - A film directed by Kenneth Branagh (1994).
_____________________________
LORD BYRON
(George Gordon,
1788-1824)
George
Gordon Noel, Lord Byron, English romantic poet, b. London,
member of the Chamber of Lords; abandoned England 1816, travels in
Europe; Italy and Greece; libertine with innumerable erotic affairs, fascinated
and scandalized his social circle; friend of Shelley, fought vs. Turks
on Greek side pro independence, d. Missolunghi, Greece; individualist,
skeptic, hedonist, satirist of social conventions.
_____.
Hours
of Idleness.
Poems.
_____. Childe
Harold's Pilgrimage.
1812-1818.
_____. The Giaour. Verse
romance. 1813.
_____. The Corsair. Verse
romance. 1814.
_____. The Bride of Abydos.
Verse romance.
_____. "Darkness." Poem.
1816.
_____. Domestic Pieces. 1816.
_____. "Prometheus."
Poem.
1816.
_____. Manfred: A
Dramatic
Poem. 1817.
_____. Beppo. Verse
romance.
1818.
_____. Mazeppa. 1819.
_____. Don Juan,
an Epic Satire.
Satirical epic. 1818-23, pub. 1919-24.
_____. Cain. Tragedy. 1821.
_____. "The Vision of Judgment." Poem. 1822.
_____. "January 22nd. Missolonghi: On This Day I Complete my Thirty
Sixth Year." Poem. 1824.
Lord
Byron and his Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (BBC).
________________________________
NIVEL AVANZADO: Sobre la hija de Byron, Ada:
- Ada Lovelace, la primera programadora
________________________________
Nuestro siguientes autores serán dos poetas románticos, Wordsworth y Keats. Leeremos en clase de los dos, así que traed los textos.
JOHN KEATS (1795-1821)
English romantic poet; modest middle class
family, apprenticed and
licensed as apothecary 1816, met Leigh Hunt and
Shelley, travelled to the Lakes, Scotland and Ireland with Charles
Armitage Brown and settled with him 1817; in love with Fanny Brawne;
financial problems, suffered from tuberculosis, attacked by Lockhart
and other
reviewers; travelled to Italy, d. Rome. BIOGRAPHY OF JOHN
KEATS.
_____.
Poems
by John Keats.
London: Ollier, 1817.
_____. Endymion.
1818.
_____. "The Fall of Hyperion: A Dream." Fragmentary epic poem. 1819,
pub. 1857.
_____. "Ode to Autumn." pub. 1820 with:
_____. "Ode on Melancholy."
_____. "Ode on a Grecian Urn."
_____. "Ode to a Nightingale."
_____. Lamia, Isabella, The
Eve of
St. Agnes, and Other Poems. 1820.
_____. The Letters of John Keats, 1814-1821.
_______. "Why Did I Laugh Tonight?" 1819, pub. 1848.
_____________________
John
Keats (NIVEL AVANZADO)
______________________
NIVEL AVANZADO: Otros poetas románticos.
KUBLA KHAN —un célebre poema visionario de Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
Y de Percy Bysshe Shelley, "Ode to the West Wind".
______________________
WILLIAM WORDSWORTH (1770-1850)
English
romantic
poet; country middle-class childhood in
Cumbria, school with future wife Mary Hutchinson; orphaned as a boy,
left
Cambridge; fought for inheritance; radical youth, travelled to France
during
Revolution, 1 illegitimate secret child there, returned to England,
disillusioned
with Terror, depressed by personal and historical turmoils; friends and
german
travels with Samuel Taylor Coleridge; later friends with Walter Scott,
De
Quincey and Sir George Beaumont; married and lived in Grasmere, Lake
District,
with sister Dorothy and wife Mary (1802); 5 children with Mary, lost 2
children;
official position at the post office administration; later lived in the
South
and turned conservative Victorian sage, retired
in the Lake District, Ambleside; received legacies and help for his
poetry, pensioned
in 1842, then Poet Laureate 1843. Known for his poetry of the emotions,
of memories and of intensely-lived experience, expressed in a simpler
language reacting against 18th-c. poetic diction.
_____. Descriptive
Sketches. 1793.
_____. Lyrical
Ballads, with Pastoral and Other Poems. 1800. (With some
poems by S. T. Coleridge).
_____. The Prelude. 1st version, 1799; rev. 1805; 1st pub. in 3rd rev.
version, 1850.
_____. "Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of
Early
Childhood." 1802-4, pub. 1807.
_____. "Tintern Abbey."
_____. Poems. 1807. ("The Solitary Reaper")
_____. The Excursion. Poem. 1814.
_________________________
En nuestra Sección B, estamos ya en el último tema: 8. Literatura norteamericana desde 1960.
A principios de diciembre
tendréis ya en red todo el material para la sección B, temas
6-7-8.
____________________________
Con Mary Wollstonecraft cerramos el siglo XVIII; con Blake ya pasamos al XIX, y a continuación empezamos la Unidad 4 (Literatura inglesa del siglo XIX).
Primero Austen y Walter Scott—traed las lecturas—, y a continuación más poetas románticos:
Wordsworth, Keats, Byron, Mary
Shelley. Luego seguirán Dickens, George Eliot, Tennyson, Hopkins, Wilde
y Wells. Traed los textos por ese orden a clase.
Los textos van siendo
selecciones más largas de novelas, etc.; procurad asignaros (y
mantener) un horario para lecturas. La lectura sistemática con diccionario es imprescindible
para desarrollar el tipo de dominio de la lengua que puede aportar sólo
la literatura.
__________________
SECCIÓN B: En la sección B del programa, para estudio fuera de clase, vamos añadiendo ya los últimos autores del tema 8 y último—Literatura Norteamericana 1960-2000.
__________________
SIR WALTER SCOTT (1771-1832)
_____, ed. The Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border. 1802-3.
_____. The Lay of the Last Minstrel. Poem. 1805.
_____. Ballads and Lyrical Pieces. 1806.
_____. Marmion: A Tale of Flodden Field. Poem. 1808.
_____. The Lady of the Lake. Poem. 1810.
_____. Rokeby. Poem. 1813.
_____. Waverley, or 'Tis Sixty Years Since. Novel. 1814.
_____. Guy Mannering, or, The Astrologer. Novel. 1815.
_____. The Field of Waterloo. Poem. 1815.
_____. The Antiquary. Novel. 1816.
_____. Old Mortality. Novel. 1816.
_____. Rob Roy. Novel. 1817.
_____ . The Heart of Midlothian. Novel. 1818.
_____. Tales of My Landlord: Third Series. (The Bride of Lammermoor and A Legend of Montrose). Novels. 1819.
_____. Ivanhoe, a Romance. Novel. 1819.
_____. The Monastery, A Romance. 1820.
_____. Kenilworth: A Romance. 1821.
_____. The Pirate. Novel. 1821.
_____. The Fortunes of Nigel. Novel. 1822.
_____. Quentin Durward. Novel. 1823.
_____. Redgauntlet, A Tale of the Eighteenth Century. Novel. 1824.
_____. Tales of the Crusaders (The Betrothed and The Talisman). 1825.
_____. Woodstock; or, The Cavalier. Novel. 1826.
Walter Scott, Scottish novelist, poet and scholar; st. law at Edinburgh U, bar 1792; m. Margaret Charlotte Charpentier 1797; successful poet, printer with James Ballantyne; contributor to Edinburgh Review; built Abbotsford mansion; promoted Tory Quarterly Review; refused Laureateship 1813; pub. historical novels anonymously as "the author of Waverley" until 1827; baronet ("Sir") 1820; bankrupt with Ballantyne 1826; struggled to pay debts; world-wide influence on historical novelists and nationalist romance writers.
Influences on Scott:
Thomas Percy. Reliques of Ancient English Poetry. 1765.
Maria Edgeworth, Castle Rackrent. Novel. 1800.
Una sección de un manual de literatura sobre Walter Scott.
_____________________
Apuntes sobre The Novels of Jane Austen (and Fanny Burney)
Una conferencia sobre la época de Jane Austen de Fernando Galván, que ha sido presidente de la Asociación Española de Estudios Anglo-Norteamericanos (AEDEAN) y de la European Society for the Study of English (ESSE):
De Jane Austen tenemos como lectura, en las fotocopias, el principio de su novela Mansfield Park.
JANE AUSTEN (1775-1817)
English realist novelist; b. Steventon, near Winchester; 7th child of the parish rector; lived unmarried with her family in Steventon, also in Bath 1801-5, then Hampshire and Winchester, novelist of genteel country families, of courtship and marriage, and fine psychological ironist on character, social appearances and manners.
_____. Northanger Abbey. Written 1790s, pub. 1818.
_____. Sense and Sensibility. Novel. London, 1811.
_____. Pride and Prejudice. Novel. 1813.
_____. Mansfield Park. Novel. 1814.
_____. Emma. Novel. 1816.
_____. Persuasion. Novel. Written 1815-16, pub. 1818.
- Some notes on Jane Austen (Short Oxford History of English Literature).
- Un documental de la UNED sobre Jane Austen (ENLACE AL VIDEO)
- Y una conferencia de Fernando Galván sobre la obra de Jane Austen.
_______
- Jane Austen y Walter Scott: NIVEL AVANZADO
